Almost all digital maps are produced using a GIS. The term GIS is a catch all term for any system that can store, manipulate and display digital map data, they range from powerful desktop systems such as QGIS and Esri’s ArcGIS.
The standard for storing and exchanging map data in the GIS world is the Shapefile. Despite it’s name, a Shapefile is usually made up of four files (although it can be more).